Normal Distribution

Gaussian

The classic "bell curve". Symmetric around the mean. Used to represent real-valued random variables (e.g., height, test scores).

Uniform Distribution

Continuous

All outcomes are equally likely. Often depicted as a rectangle. Examples include rolling a fair die or picking a card.

Right-Skewed

Log-Normal

The tail is longer on the right side. Common in wealth distribution, income data, and population growth.

Bimodal Distribution

Two Peaks

Contains two distinct peaks. Often indicates two different groups mixed together (e.g., height of men and women).

Exponential Distribution

Decay

Describes the time between events in a Poisson process. Rapid decline. Examples: Radioactive decay, time until next call.

Poisson Distribution

Discrete

Discrete frequency distribution. Probability of a number of events occurring in a fixed interval. E.g., emails per hour.